Words

editor n.编辑

editor of …出版社的编辑
the editor of the Washington Post
editors of newspapers and magazines
She is the editor of the Washington Post.
The man who is the editor of the Washington Post often goes to extremes when he is angry.

chief editor = editor-in-chief主编
The editor-in-chief is in charge of the Washington Post.
There is a black spot on the editor-in-chief’s white collar.
I have the privilege to work as the editor-in-chief.
I’m working as the editor-in-chief for The Washington Post.

edit v.编辑
Janet edited books for a variety of publishers.
I’ve just edited the post written by our editor.
Have you edited the first edition of the post?

edition n.版本
a paperback(简装) / hard-cover(精装) / de luxe(豪华) edition
the first edition
a revised edition
in its sixth edition
I got the hard-cover edition of the book from my friend.
I’ve wanted this hard-cover edition of the book for so long.
Do you know the edition of the book?

editorial adj. 编辑的 n. 社论, 即报纸或杂志代表官方立场发表的文章
She’s responsible for the editorial content of the magazine.
The newspaper published an editorial criticizing the government’s policy.
I’ve just edited the editorial written by the editor-in-chief.

extreme n.极端 adj.极端的

go to extremes 走极端,过分的
This is a rare occurrence as our climate seldom goes to extremes.
Some people go to extremes to lose weight.
You shouldn’t have gone to extremes at that time.

extreme adj. (程度)极端的
Extreme poverty still exists in many rural areas.
Force is only justified in extreme circumstances(环境, 状况).
I don’t know what to do in such extreme conditions.

extremely adv. 极端地
be extremely difficult / important / useful / complicated / pleased / grateful …
But I was extremely pleased with myself. I had traced the cause of the trouble.
It proved to be extremely difficult.
It’s extremely hard to survive in such harsh conditions.

journalist n.记者

reporter(记者), columnist(专栏记者), correspondent(驻外记者, 专门题材记者)
a war / sports / education / political correspondent
our Middle East correspondent
Our correspondent in South Africa sent this report.

journalism 新闻学，新闻工作
a career in journalism
I plan to study journalism at college.
I’ve been studying journalism for two years.

publish v. 出版

This book is published by Oxford University Press.
A new book will be published next Monday.
The book is worth publishing.
The book is worthy to be published.

publisher 出版商
publishing 出版业
She chose publishing as a career.
the press 新闻界
the freedom of the press 新闻自由
go to press 出版
The magazine would soon go to press.
pirate 盗版
pirated CDs / books / software

fire v.解雇

fire / dismiss sb. from…
I’ve just been fired from my job, and I don’t know what to do.
She claims she was unfairly dismissed from her post.
lose one’s job
Many people won’t complain about pay and conditions because they’re terrified of losing their jobs.
lay off
Millions of people have been laid off in the steel industry.
laid-off workers
suspend v. 停职, 悬挂
The two police officers have been suspended until an enquiry is carried out.
depose 罢免
King Charles I was deposed from the English throne in 1646.

Story

Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their readers with unimportant facts and statistics.

go to extremes to do sth
Girls usually go to extremes to lose weight.
Some parents often go to extremes to satisfy the needs of their children.
Alf went to extremes to seek(追求) the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.

provide sb. with sth.
provide sth. for sb.
The city can provide you with the best that life can offer.
Colleges provide accommodation for all first-year undergraduate students.
offer sb. sth.
offer sth. to sb.
They offered him a very good job, but he turned it down.
The drama school offers places to students who can show talent.

Some websites often go to extremes to provide visitors with a bewildering amount of information.

Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president’s palace in a new African republic.

instruct v. 教，命令
instruct sb. in sth. 在某方面教某人
I instruct a class in history.
instructor 老师
instruct / direct sb. to do
I have been instructed by the company to offer you a refund.
The judge directed the defendant to remain silent.

article on/about sth. (by sb.)
an article on/about education by Mr. Smith

When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refused to publish it.

the article arrived.
The card arrived on my birthday.
A letter came for you this morning.
When the letter arrived/came, Jane read the first sentence and then cried.

The article began: ‘Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president’s palace.’

hundred
two hundred 不加s
hundreds of 表示数以百计的，加s
dozens of / scores of / hundreds of / thousands of / millions of + 复数名词
tens of thousands of / hundreds of thousands of + 复数名词
thousands upon thousands of + 复数名词

lead to… 通往,导致
All roads lead to Rome.
The path lead to a tiny village perched on the steep sides of a mountain.
This led to yet another angry argument.

surround
Needless to say our house is now surrounded by a jungle.
surrounding adj.周围的

The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him to find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall.

send sb. sth.
send sb. a fax / a letter / an email / a card
get / receive sth. from …
get / receive a fax / a letter / an email / a card from…

find out = get information 找到抽象的信息，不是找具体的事物
She wanted to find out whether it would be comfortable to wear.
He could not find his fifty pence piece anywhere.

The manager at once sent his secretary an email instructing her to find out the exact number of the people who will attend the meeting.

The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them.

set out 出发: to start a journey, especially a long journey
Both these ship set out from Shanghai on June 18th.
set out to do sth. 开始任务: begin a job, task etc. with a particular aim or goal
Dimitri at once set out to find the thief.

obtain v. 获取

… take … to …
I went on an excursion recently, but my trip took me longer than I expected.
Even if you travel in ideal weather, sea journeys take a long time.
It took me over half an hour to get rid of him.
I took just ten minutes to solve that problem.

sb. spend … on sth. / (in) doing sth.
She spent nine months on a novel.

The secretary immediately set out to verify these important facts, but she took a long time to finish it.

Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press.

meanwhile, at the same time, (in the) meantime
I continued working. Meantime, he went out shopping.

He sent the journalist two more faxes, but received no reply. He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired.

one more … = another …
two more … = another two …
In another two weeks it’ll be finished. = In two more weeks it’ll be finished.

yet / still one more / another / bigger yet/still强调更进一步、再来一个
Yet another student failed the test.
This is yet one more reason to be careful.
The led to yet another angry argument.
yet / still one more example

inform sb. of sth.
inform sb. that…

介词+that的用法
in that… 因为…
but / except that… 除了…情况之外，要不是…的话

The kidnapper sent yet another anonymous letter informing the old lady that if she called the police, she would never see her son again.

When the journalist again failed(未能) to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written.

reluctantly = unwillingly

When we again failed to get visas, we reluctantly went on a domestic journey as it had originally been panned.

A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well.

not only … but also …
not only … but …*
not only … but … as well

部分倒装 只把助动词，be动词（之前没有其他助动词）或情态动词置于主语之前。

• 否定词位于句首(如：not only, not until, neither, nor, never, hardly, barely, scarcely, few, little, rarely, seldom, under no circumstances(任何情况下都不), in no way, …)
  • Nor is the city without its moments of beauty.
  • Neither was I surprised when the train stopped at Widley, a tiny station a few miles along the line.
  • Never have I seen such a good movie.
  • Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.
  • Under no circumstances should you lend Paul any money.
• “only + 状语” 位于句首. 跟时间状语=not until(直到…才..)，其他状语翻译为 只有…才…
  • Only then did he realize that he was mistaken.
  • Only by working hard can we succeed in doing anything.
  • Only after a baby seal is pushed into the sea by its mother will it learn how to swim.
  • Only when he saw the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.
• such, so, well, often, many a time 等表示程度、频率的词位于句首
  • Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.
  • So great is our passion for doing thing for ourselves.
  • Well did I know him and well did he know me.
  • often did it snow there.
  • Many a time has he given me good advice.

Not only did several people complain of ‘cat-like noises’ at night, but a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree as well.

However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president’s palace.

状语从句的省略
Metals expand when they are heated and contract(收缩) when they are cooled.
Metals expand when heated and contract whey cooled.