Words

manual adj. 体力的

mental 脑力的

mental work / labor
manual work / labor

spiritual 精神的
material物质的

manufacture 制造
biscuit manufacturers 制造商
soap manufacturers
manacle 手铐
manuscript 手稿
emancipate 解放
emancipate slaves
the emancipation of women
the Emancipation Proclamation

collar n.衣领

white-collar workers
blue-collar workers
The policeman collared the thief. v. 抓

tie n.领带 v.系，捆
tie a tie
sigh a sigh 叹息
wish a wish v. 许愿 n. 愿望
I wished a wish on the star.
dream a dream
die a glorious death
breathe one’s last breath
bow a bow

sacrifice v. 牺牲，献出

sacrifice … for …
Many women sacrifice their careers for their families.
Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.

放弃
give up
abandon
renounce
cede 放弃领土
Hong Kong was coded to Britain after the Opium War.

privilege n. 特权

enjoy a privilege 享有特权
abuse a privilege 滥用特权
have the privilege to do 很荣幸做…
I had the privilege to meet the president last year.
We have the privilege to work with such talented people.

right
Education is a right, not a privilege.

corporation n. 公司

multinational corporation
company, firm, business, concern
enterprise
foreign funded enterprise
joint-venture enterprise
state-owned enterprise
private enterprise
township enterprise

Story

These days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who work in offices.

these days, today, nowadays, in those days 当今
In those days, boxers fought with bare fists for prize money.

far / much / even / still / yet more 多得多
slightly / a little / a bit more多一点

These days, people who work in the entertainment field often receive far more money than people who toil in the education sector.

People who work in offices are frequently referred to as ‘white-collar workers’ for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work.

If you dream it, you can do it;
If you do it, you can love it;
If you love it, you can enjoy it;
If you enjoy it, you can make it.

refer to… = mention… / speak of…
refer to A as B, call A B, address A as B, know A as B 把A称为B
Please don’t refer to this matter again.
…and others will call him ‘Mr. Bloggs’, not Alf.
Because of this, they were known as ‘prizefighters’.

介词+名词+同位语从句 = 普通从属连词
for the simple reason that… = simply because…
because of the fact that…
due to the fact that…
on account of the fact that…

Giant pandas are frequently referred to as living fossil for the simple reason that they have lived on earth for over 200 million years.

Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.

human nature is such such代词，倒装强调

nature n. 本性
Excuse me, nature calls. 上厕所
He is kind by nature. 本性上

Such is human nature that…
Such is human nature that we all love to get something for nothing.
Such is human nature that we don’t treasure what we have until we lose it.
The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop.

be willing to do, be ready to do, be prepared to do 乐意
I was willing to pay $5.
If your order is large enough we are ready to reduce our prices by 5%.

be ready for sth准备好
be prepared for

for the privilege of…
Why people are prepared to tolerate a four-hour journey each day for the dubious privilege of living in the country is beyond me.

This can give rise to curious(奇怪的，好奇的) situations, as it did in the case(例子) of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.

as it did, it代替的This, did代替的can give rise to curious situations

give rise to sth. 导致(书面语)
The president’s absence(缺席) gave rise to speculations(推测) about his health.

work as 职务 for 公司
I work as an English teacher for XXX.

观点+例证
…(观点), as it did/does in the case of …

Stress can give rise to mental diseases, as it did in the case of Mike Johnson who worked as an engineer for General Motors.

When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job. He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation.

get married 强调未婚->已婚
be married to sb
The girl was married to me.
The girl was engaged to me.

Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit. He then changed into overalls(工装裤) and spent the next eight hours as a dustman.

be (dressed) in
he was (dressed) in a smart black suit.
Dressed in a smart black suit, he went to work.
sb. wear sth
Wearing a smart black suit, he went to work.

change 换衣服
change (out of …) (into …)
You’d better change out of the red jacket into a blue one.

spend … on sth. / (in) doing 花费
I spend a lot of money on food.
I spend a log of time on homework.
I spent a lot of time (in) learning English.
spent度过
I spent my summer vacation at home.
I treasured every minute I spent with you.

Before returning home at night, he took a shower and changed back into his suit. Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustman kept his secret.

fellow 加身份 身份地位相同的人
fellow dustmen, fellow actors, fellow students, fellow citizens
workmate, colleague, associate 同事

Alf’s wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf has just found another job. He will soon be working in an office. He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money. From now on(从今往后), he will wear a suit all day and others will call him ‘Mr. Bloggs’, not ‘Alf’.

will be doing 将来进行时，表达一种可预见性
Professor Wang will be taking charge of our department next Monday.

A is … times as … as B 倍数
A is … times the amount (the number, the size, the length, the width/breadth, the height, the value, the price …) of B
A is … times 比较级 than B
His salary is three times as much as mine.
His salary is three times the amount of mine.
His salary is twice more than mine.
The box is four times as big as that one.
The box is four times the size of that one.
The box is three times bigger than that one.

rise in … 在…方面的升高
his rise in status(地位)

be worth sth.
be worth doing 只能主动
be worthy of sth
be worthy of to do / to be done
The matter is worth consideration.
The matter is worth considering.
The matter is worthy of consideration.
The matter is worthy to be considered.